Engineers make $78,000 to $167,000 +

Many different types of engineers are employed in the energy industry. They include civil, mechanical, electrical, software, chemical, nuclear, sales, geological, stationary, mining and petroleum (engineers in drilling, production, reservoir, facilities, safety, and environmental). Some oil & gas positions are termed "engineers", such as a Mud Engineer (who calibrates the drilling fluid that lubricates drill bits), but generally do not require a formal engineering degree.

On September 7, 2008, a Denver Post article entitled "World needs engineers to create and build solutions" claimed there's a worldwide shortage of engineers, partly due to their pending retirements. The article also states "in addition to aerospace, chemical, civil, mechanical and other specialties, there is demand for engineers in new areas, such as renewable energy."

A February article in the Wall Street Journal claims "Top-ranking petroleum-engineering graduates this year can expect starting pay of $80,000 to $110,000, plus signing bonuses and other perks."

I'm a firm believer of not re-inventing the wheel. Therefore, rather than try to formulate, then articulate what types of engineering positions are available in the energy industry, I will refer you instead to a very informative website from the Society of Petroleum Engineers. I would also like to take this chance to welcome Society of Engineers to Denver for their September conference!

As the Salary Survey on this site indicates, Petroleum Engineers made an average salary of $167,000 last year (an increase from 2006). Other sites, such as Get Into Energy, show wages around $85,000 for other types of engineers (electrical, nuclear, chemical) in the energy industry--they also have basic information about these types of occupations as well as skills and education requirements.

By the way, here's another site that shows Salary Trends by Job Title for Drafters, Designers, Engineers, Management, and Technician positions, and for your viewing enjoyment, here's a video of "a day in the life of a field engineer" for Schlumberger:

Schlumberger Jobs: Higor - A Field Engineer Day in the Life

So what types of energy companies in Colorado hire engineers (in addition to Schlumberger)? Tons! Here is an example of just a few:

- NREL
- Long
- Siemens
- Johnson Controls
- Xcel Energy
- Tri-State Generation & Transmission
- McInstry
- Baker Hughes
- CH2M Hill
- ConocoPhillips
- Jacobs Engineering

See a longer list on my Delicious account:
- http://delicious.com/TLynnSargent/extraction-jobs
- http://delicious.com/TLynnSargent/green-jobs

Government jobs in energy

The private sector is not the only sector that employs people for jobs in energy. The public sector (government) is one of the major employers in this industry. My job, for example, is a local government job that devotes half of my time to energy (the other half to ICT--Information & Communications Technology--and sometimes they overlap).

Here's a partial list of governmental entities, in addition to local/state/federal legislators and their aides, that employ people for energy jobs, whether these jobs focus solely, or only in part, on energy:

Local government:
City of Denver
- Asset Management (energy efficiency in Denver municipal buildings, LEED accredited architects)
- Mayor's Greenprint Denver Office
- Public Office Buildings (HVAC technicians, electricians)
- Building Department (electrician, plumbing & HVAC inspectors and chief inspectors)
- Economic Development (policy analysts, various positions that focus on energy and green jobs)
- Solid Waste/Denver Recycles
- Environmental Health
- Aviation (yes, DIA; inspectors, mechanics, solar project managers, energy efficiency)

State government:
- Governor's Energy Office
- Colorado Oil & Gas Commission (note: they'll be hiring many more positions soon -- see "upcoming job opportunities" notice on their website for more information)
- Colorado Department of Labor & Employment
- Department of Natural Resources
- Department of Regulatory Agencies (including the Public Utilities Commission)
- Colorado Schools of Mines (yes, these are state jobs)
- Colorado State University
- University of Colorado

Federal government:
- Bureau of Land Management
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
- Department of Energy (DOE)
- Energy Information Administration (EIA)
- U.S. Department of Labor (DOL)
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
- Department of the Interior (Bureau of Reclamation and Minerals Management Service)

The New Power Jobs

A colleague recently forwarded an article to me about careers in power (which I've reprinted here in part with permission from Yahoo! HotJobs). In her article, author Heather Boerner discusses several of the high-demand occupations in the power industry (engineers, operators, mechanics, trade workers), as well as their salary ranges and minimum requirements--most appropriate information for this blog. Here's her article, The New Power Jobs:

"White-hot jobs are opening up in the power sector. 'These aren't just hot jobs, they're sizzling jobs,' said Christine Real de Azua, spokeswoman for the American Wind Energy Association. Wind energy grew by 45 percent last year. 'We need every type of job candidate.'

Indeed, with oil topping $100 per barrel, expect power industry jobs to explode in the next 10 years -- and not just in petroleum or the electric company. Want to repair wind turbines, manage a nuclear reactor or install solar panels? The jobs await.

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and energy leaders reveal what fields are expected to grow, and they are listed below with projected growth levels through 2016, salary data, and what you need to get a related job..." [read the remainder of the article here]

Halliburton Internship

I ran across a blog today written by a Halliburton Intern I thought would be useful to share with you: http://halhr.blogspot.com/. It's author (thanks Eric!) provides valuable information and photos about the work that's performed at Halliburton. He also discusses turnover rates in the industry and plans to study how to minimize it, particularly in light of the pending mass retirements of Baby Boomers forecasted.

Allow me to step up onto my soapbox. There are a variety of reasons for high turnover. Many times it's attributable to lack of clear objectives and goals about the job. Sometimes, applicants may become so enthralled by the high pay, they may lose focus that they actually have to work for it. In an effort to recruit employees, sometimes companies focus only on the attractive aspects of the job. Other times communication (or lack thereof) is the culprit, particularly in this day and age when we have many different cultures and generations (Baby Boomers, GenX, GenY, Millennials) with different communication techniques, life priorities, and/or work ethics, working along side one another.

With respect to entry level field jobs in oil & gas, I want to communicate that they pay very well (salaries in this industry generally pay about 35% more than average salaries in other industries). Why, you ask? Because it's hard work! Although some rig crews can get on a flex-schedule (such as two weeks on, two weeks off), they're working at least 12-hours shifts (or more) every day for those two weeks, in extreme weather, lifting heavy loads, in the middle of nowhere. It really is much more difficult than it sounds.

If you cannot withstand starting your day punctually before the sun rises, like 3:00 am, traveling to a well pad that's hundreds (or thousands--perhaps overseas) of miles away from your family, a city, or the nearest 7-11 convenience store; living in temporary housing with your crew, getting dirty, hearing profanity, getting yelled at (or fired) for making mistakes that jeopardizes safety, effectively communicating and getting along with others, and lifting hundreds of pounds consistently for weeks on end, in a drug-free environment, then I'm sorry to inform you that these jobs are definitely not for you, so please don't contribute to the turnover rate.

However, if you are certain you have the brawn, brains, thick-skin, drive, stamina, and desire to learn, you're a hot commodity in this industry, will be well compensated, and could move up the career ladder quickly, perhaps up to a tool pusher who makes around $95,000 / year. If you're real good, the E&P companies that employ the contractor you're working for could also recruit you to become a "company man".

If you're unsure whether this oilfield work is for you, consider trying it on a temporary basis. Several employment agencies offer temp positions in oilfield work. They include SOS Staffing, Aerotek, and Weststaff, among many others, and often post their positions in ConnectingColorado.

I hope this helps to clarify some of the objectives for those of you considering embarking on these occupations.

Photo courtesy of Jerry Brown

Free courses in Energy Efficiency & Solar Installation

iCAST will be offering training courses for its WIRED workforce development program later this year. These courses target the unemployed or incumbent worker who is seeking entry into the energy efficiency or solar industries. These courses are free to anyone enrolled with their Colorado workforce center.

a. The Energy Efficiency Auditor course is scheduled for September 22nd thru the 26th 2008.
b. The Solar Installation course is scheduled for November 3rd thru the 7th 2008.
c. The Energy Efficiency Technology Installation course is scheduled for December 1st thru the 5th 2008.

These courses will provide firsthand understanding of the energy efficiency and solar industries, along with the terminology, skills and technological experience to become an assistant energy auditor/installer or solar installer. Interested participants must first enroll with ConnectingColorado.com and their local workforce center or can contact Mark Palmer at mark@icastusa.org for further information.

Employer Incentives

Information in this post has been moved to my new blog. Please visit:
http://ColoradoBusinessIncentives.blogspot.com/

E3 Job Fair 9/25/08 in Denver

The 7th Annual E3 Job Fair will be held at the Colorado Convention Center in downtown Denver on Thursday, September 25, 2008 from 11am to 5pm. This year, Energy will be highlighted as one of the high-growth industries.

The energy industry employs: engineers (electrical, petroleum, reservoir, mechanical, civil, etc.), scientists (all disciplines), technicians, environmental health and safety staff, accountants, administrative assistants, managers, marketing & PR representatives, HR staff, graphic designers, salespeople, real estate professionals/landmen, IT & GIS staff , security guards, roustabouts, roughnecks, gang pushers, solar installers, drillers, energy auditors, linemen, wind technicians, welders, pipefitters, mechanics, equipment operators and more! See a video from 9News of last year's E3 job fair here.

Jobseekers must be registered in Colorado Department of Labor & Employment's free job bank ConnectingColorado in order to attend. They should also prepare well in advance to meet energy employers by:

- researching the companies in advance to learn of their goals, priorities, etc. and reviewing their job listings
- asking a trusted friend, family member, mentor or career advisor to critique their resume -- jobseekers can ask workforce advisors at their local workforce center to critique their resume
- triple checking resumes for grammatical and spelling errors
- tailoring resumes to reflect what they can do for that specific company (versus what the company can do for them) - also have properly formatted electronic versions available to post or cut & paste on companies' employment/HRIS websites
- make sure email address on resumes are professional (not something like "ISleepInEveryDay@...", and check to make sure phone voice mail greetings are professional as well (i.e., don't record any long songs that will make a busy recruiter hang up instead of leaving a message)
- dressing appropriately
- watching the videos in the "Job links" post, and this one-minute "Job Fair Video"
- following up with the employer after the fair

More information about the E3 Job Fair, including a list of over 100 participating employers, will soon be available on CDLE's E3 website.

Participating Energy employers, training providers, and related organizations include:

- Aerotek
- Ascent Solar Technologies Inc.
- AVA Solar
- Baker Hughes
- Center for Transportation Safety
- CoorsTek
- DCP Midstream
- Ensign United States Drilling
- Environmental Protection Agency
- GE Wind Energy
- Independent Electrical Contractors, Inc
- Key Energy
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Petroleum Field Services
- Pioneer Natural Resources
- Pipefitters Local 208
- PrimeStar Solar
- Red Rocks Community College-Industrial Science & Operations
- SolSource
- SOS Staffing
- Tri-State Generation & Transmission
- Ulteig Engineers
- Western Area Power Administration
- Xcel Energy

Additional Energy career fairs and expos are scheduled throughout the state of Colorado this summer and fall. Refer to this poster, or my Job Fairs post for a list of dates and locations.

Tri-State Generation and Transmission

The Colorado ESSI group was honored to tour Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association's powerplant in Craig, Colorado on July 23, 2008. The following information was provided that may be helpful to you if you are considering a career in powerplants:

"Today Tri-State G & T along with most organizations has generally found the same areas of concern when looking for people to fill positions. Getting skilled workers who want to work is a challenge in today’s workforce and finding affordable housing. Our youth are the key to our future and all of us must take the time to encourage youth to become successful as adults. Also providing retraining for adults may be another way to help with staffing. What may be successful for one person may not necessarily fit another person. That is why programs through schools, Workforce Centers, apprenticeship programs, trade schools, colleges and the military are essential to getting qualified workers into the field that best fits them and the company.

Tri-State Generation and Transmission is an electric utility company with operations throughout the Rocky Mountain Region. We hire laborers, craftspeople, technicians, engineers, accountants, and a host of other professions. Tri-State’s load growth is running about 4% per year. At this rate, we are trying to build an extensive infrastructure of generation and transmission facilities, and we’re constantly on the lookout for good employees with any number of backgrounds and skills. And, with the vast growth on the western slope due to increased oil and gas activity, we’re competing for employees in a large number of high-paying positions. Frankly, the future for our youth is looking remarkably bright.

Tri-State hires Utility Workers and often promotes them within weeks of their hire. A Utility Worker’s base wage is around $40,000 per year but with overtime opportunities, these employees can earn up to $10,000 to $15,000 more a year with only basic utility-related job experience. The Utility Worker also has many promotional opportunities allowing them to earn even higher wages ($60,000 to $70,000) in our Scrubber Operator or Coal Handling Operator positions. But this unskilled worker can only go so far and cannot meet the needs of our skilled positions without either prior knowledge in skilled areas or going through our company apprenticeship programs. On the other end of the spectrum are four-year college students who usually begin their careers in white collar jobs. This leaves a large and expanding gap for employees with craft and technical skills. The shortage of skilled craft persons (I&C Technicians, Electricians, Welders, Boilermakers, Pipefitters, Millwrights, Mechanics) is so grave that these craft persons are able to pick and choose their jobs. They may start a job at the plant but as soon as a better job comes along, they drag up in the middle of the job to follow the money or a less-remote location.

The trend over the past several years was to encourage our youth to attend college. Today this may or may not be true. Many college graduates cannot get jobs right out of college – at least not in their fields. As educators, state or local representatives, and employers, we need to educate students at the high school level about the opportunity for good careers at the craft level. There are numerous jobs – jobs that were prevalent in the 1960s and 70s such as welders, electricians, millwrights, boilermakers, pipefitters, and mechanics that require talent, knowledge and education. These jobs are in high demand and are highly compensated. The military may also be an answer to obtaining skilled positions. One option may be to have Workforce Centers directly communicating with military personnel who are retiring from the military but seeking employment in the private sector. This connection with the Workforce Centers could bond the recruitment of skilled workers to employers who are in need of the various skilled military personnel. Tri-State has directly benefited from military personnel as they have applicable skills that can be transferred to our plant operations.

Even though Tri-State hires most of its workforce at the entry level position of Utility Worker, there are still requirements that must be met. Applicants must pass a basic 8th grade level math test, a 10th grade level reading test and a mechanical comprehension test before being considered for an interview. It is interesting that a lot of people do not pass these tests. Our youth need to understand the importance of taking these basic classes seriously in high school so they do not lose out on these job opportunities. If they are not made aware of the problem and do not work diligently to correct the deficient areas, they will continue to struggle. Our students should take classes in high school to ensure they have the proper skills to succeed. Basic skills such as reading, math, writing and spelling are lacking in the workforce. Teachers can do their part by recognizing and bringing to the forefront the problem with students who have difficulty spelling or communicating effectively so the student recognizes that he or she has a problem and can work on the skill prior to graduation.

Recently we had an applicant who graduated [from a technical school] as a mechanic. He was an excellent candidate for the job, however, when we reviewed his written test he had misspelled words so badly we could not understand what he was trying to communicate to us. Needless to say we did not hire him.

It is essential that employees are able to communicate effectively in writing. It also means having the ability to communicate verbally (with co-workers and supervisors). Soft Skills are also essential to the success of an employee. This includes initiative, self-motivation, reliability (being to work on time), and the ability to get along with others and work as a team. It also includes being a safe worker, drug free and having a good attitude. While these skills are not taught in high school, they can be learned. Students who are late for class and assignments, students who do the minimum to get by, and students who question authority for no good reason need to be told that, with each act of resistance and disobedience, they are building the habits that will put them at the bottom of the job pool.

Many youth today believe they should just start at the top of the company. However, they should not expect to be at the top now; in fact it is detrimental to them. They need to start at the bottom of a company, learn the systems and work hard so that when they are promoted they understand the business from the ground up. They will be more successful because they not only have the education but will have the knowledge of the business as well.

As leaders for our youth, help students understand the importance of basic skills such as reading, math, writing, and general communication. Learning and retaining these skills throughout the school years will assist them on their future endeavors with school and employment. Support youth by encouraging them to work and to work hard. Work experience is a great way for them to determine what their interests are so they can go on to a school or trade that fits their needs. Help them understand that “attitude” really is everything. Not everyone is meant for college. Trade schools or apprenticeship programs may be a better fit. The most important thing for our youth is that they enjoy the work they are doing so they will find satisfaction and fulfillment in life and become long-term, valued employees."

Accounting in Oil & Gas $55,000-$75,000/yr

In addition to earnings, income, cash flows, depreciation, depletion, amortization, debits, credits and all other Generally Accepted Accounting Principals regulated by FASB and SEC, Oil & Gas Accounting involves tracking numerous other costs and revenues related to acquisition, exploration, development, and production of oil and gas.

Accounting in oil and gas is complex (that, and the short supply of accountants, is why it generally pays higher than traditional accounting jobs). Many property and lease holders and mineral royalty owners are involved and require payment, varying volumes of product and by-products of extraction (such as methane and other "-anes") are bought and sold between numerous companies, and trading of commodities fluctuate widely. In addition, carbon trading and carbon tax credits have also been recently added to the mix.

Oil & Gas Accountants must maintain accurate record of property acquisition, retention and surrender; exploratory and development costs; mineral conveyances; oil and gas production; joint interest operations, related financial statement disclosures, and keep well apprised of international laws, taxes, currencies, and exchange rates.

Colorado Oil & Gas accountants have been in short supply for some time. In an effort to boost the numbers EnCana Oil contributed to UCD's Business School a couple of years ago to jump start an oil & gas accounting course in Denver, even paying for students' textbooks. A Denver Business Journal article about this partnership, which claims "Those with a minimum of five years experience can command a base salary of between $55,000 and $75,000", is available at this link.

If you enjoy working numbers and need a challenge over traditional accounting, oil & gas accounting may just be the right career for you!

By the way, there is a Colorado association for accountants in this industry. COPAS-Colorado is a non-profit professional organization located in Denver, Colorado, whose members are comprised primarily of accountants working in the petroleum or petroleum-related industries.

In addition to listings on Bradsby Group, following are a few more postings I found on the Internet to give you an idea of what's available at the time of this posting:

EnCana

Payout Accountant - Finance Business Services
Denver, CO

Duties and Responsibilities:
- Update and issue existing payout statements making sure that the statements are accurate and in compliance with the JOA or farm out agreement governing the payout statement and the revenue and expenses reflect 8/8’s amounts.
- Research new payout request; review JOA or farm out agreement, review AFE, accumulate well costs, accumulate revenue and production information.
- Understand various partner sensitivities and legal issues in regards to payouts.
- Analyze and review statements with AFE and state production information.
- Ability to perform multiple tasks and meet contractual deadlines.
- Must communicate with various departments, e.g. landmen, engineers, and accounting.

Qualifications:
- Bachelors Degree in Business with an accounting emphasis.
- Minimum of 2 years oil and gas industry experience including revenue, joint interest billing and/or accounts payable.
-Excellent team player and ability to communicate effectively; works well with others.
- Analytical skills and ability to organize and set up projects as needed.
- Familiar with COPAS procedures, industry standards and JOA agreements.
- Aptitude and ability to learn integrated accounting systems; previous experience important.
- Strong skills with Excel spreadsheets.
- Excalibur and JDE experience helpful.
- Knowledge of Microsoft office suite of products.

-------

Eden Energy

Oil and Gas Assistant
Location: Denver, Colorado

MAJOR JOB RESPONSIBILITIES AND ACTIVITIES

OVERVIEW
Develop support systems that are consistent with the needs of the Accounting, Engineering, Land and Geologic Departments to ensure availability of accurate, timely information and to enhance the workflow of the Company. Continuously strive to develop efficient, new or improved, methods of providing assistance to the various department staff as well as other areas of the organization.Organize and maintain document filing system for Accounting, Engineering, Land and Geologic Departments concerned with the operation and maintenance of producing oil and gas properties.Provide efficient, professional and confidential administrative support to the Chief Operating Officer. At all times, maintain complete confidentiality of all knowledge relating to business activities.

ACCOUNTING
Provide technical and administrative support to accounting personnel relating to the timely and accurate compilation of financial statements and general ledger accounts. Prepare monthly plan to actual variance analysis and explanations in order to appraise operating results in terms of profitability and operating effectiveness of the organization.Assist with non-operated revenue and production accounting, as well as distribution and mailing of revenue and accounts payable checks. Obtain proof of insurance, W-9 and sales tax documents. Monitor cash call invoices and receipts. Review and code invoices. Perform weekly/monthly functions for revenue, JIB, GL and AP. Enter unique and recurring journal entries. Ensure integrity and accuracy of all accounting transactions, account analysis and account reconciliations to the general ledger.

ENGINEERING/LAND/GEOLOGY
Coordinate with Engineering, Land and Geology Departments to provide administrative support including setting up, maintaining and organizing well and lease files, preparing and filing sundries and governmental forms, tracking well proposals, contracts, lease data input, tracking well and workover proposals and post election deadlines. Coordinate with Engineering, Land and Geology Departments to summarize, track and prepare monthly production reports. Download data. Review, print, and file drilling and completion reports. Support vendors and contractors in procuring requested engineering, land or geological data.

GENERAL
Maintain professional working relationships with all employees, including officers, department staff and other company personnel, business associates, vendors, contractors, consultants and customers. Maintain open, honest and candid communications with department staff, which supports problem solving and decision-making processes. Communicate with supervisor regarding the status of work on a regular basis. Facilitate the use of technology regarding communications and information within the Company.

QUALIFICATIONS
Position requires a working knowledge in oil and gas operations and administration. Strong verbal and written communication skills are essential for interaction with internal departments, regulatory agencies, outside companies and other interest owners. High School diploma or equivalent, 2-year Associated Degree or post secondary education relating to the position is preferred, Administrative experience in the oil and gas industry with accounting, engineering, land or geology related background desirable. A strong working knowledge of accounting software packages (PetroWare 2000), Word, Excel and Access and is preferable. Successful candidate must demonstrate strong interpersonal skills, excellent oral and written communication skills, the ability to prioritize and organize work, exercise good judgment, manage multiple tasks/projects, respond to changing priorities, work independently as well as on a team and perform required tasks with accuracy and meet deadlines with close attention to detail.

-------
Black Hills Corporation

Senior Oil & Gas Accountant
Job Location: Golden, CO

PRIMARY FUNCTION:
Perform routine and special projects for the operation, management, and support of BHE&P activities in both lead and team roles. Extensive involvement with revenue, tax and regulatory reporting. Create and analyze reports of company activities. Provide technical Oil and Gas accounting support with particular focus on tax and regulatory compliance and reporting.

MAJOR JOB RESPONSIBILITIES AND ACTIVITIES

PLANNING:
- Assist in the development of Accounting related strategies for the company.
- With input from Controller and Internal audit, devise and plan partner audits on a reasonable basis.
- Coordinate responses to requests from outside parties.
- Review oil and gas accounting reporting practices and provide recommendations for corrections and improvements.

ORGANIZING:
- Accumulate, analyze and distribute operational accounting data as requested.
- With support from the legal and tax departments review and provide input for updates to the company's sales tax and business registration procedures.

CONTROLLING:
- Actively participate in processes to ensure compliance with federal & state regulations and company policies and procedures.
- Review and develop processes to ensure compliance with various contractual terms and conditions.

PRODUCING:
- Act as audit liaison for both internal and external parties.
- Analyze production tax incentives and review for application to BHE&P sales and production.
- Assist with accounting and reporting system enhancements.
- Participate in the preparation and filing of regulatory reports.
- Complete individual analytical processes in a satisfactory manner given abstract project guidelines.
- Perform various reconciliations and updates of schedules.
- Actively participate in the analysis of proposed projects and in the review of current projects.
- Various projects and reports as assigned.
- Work to meet the needs of the company's General Manager and various departments.

COMMUNICATION:
- Effectively create, interpret and communicate complex data to company, corporate, and external parties.
- Successfully communicate department, company and industry activity to corporate personnel and other departments.

Required Skills

KNOWLEDGE:
Thorough knowledge of Oil & Gas accounting principles, theories and concepts. The ability to work independently in a time constrained setting. Requirements include excellent oral and written communication skills and the ability to work in a dynamic team environment.

EDUCATION: Bachelor's Degree in Accounting or equivalent experience.

EXPERIENCE:
- Minimum of five years experience in accounting.
- Direct experience in oil and gas accounting issues required.
- Broad understanding of accounting principles, theories, and practices.
- Demonstrated ability to perform various tax, audit, and budget functions.
- Successful supervisory experience is preferred.
- The ability to lead projects and train staff when necessary.
- Extensive experience with spreadsheets, word processing, data bases and integrated accounting packages.
- Public Accounting experience is a plus.

GIS & Geospatial Technology

Geospatial Technology is a field that uses Photogrammetry/ Remote Sensing, GIS (geographic information systems), and GPS (global positioning systems) to electronically display maps, buildings, natural features, and other topography.

Geo is an abbreviation for geography (a science that deals with the description of the physical, biological, and other features of the earth's surface). Spatial describes space (the space inside buildings, the space outside where energy is extracted, and even outerspace).
Geospatial technology also involves manipulating data and databases that make up these graphics to measure, analyze, and make decisions, such as: where best to drill an oil well, how far a wind farm is from major transmission lines--as well as the elevation of those lines, where best to place SCADA systems to transmit information back to the company, or make 3D models of a power plant before it's built (using CAD--Computer Aided Design). Even Landmen use GIS information in their jobs when researching landownership records.

Many commercial software programs are used to make GIS and GPS maps, and 3D CAD models. They include ArcView and AutoCAD among many other tools. If you've ever used a Garmin, TomTom, or Magellan, you've used a GPS. If you've used Google Earth, Google Maps or MapQuest, you've used a GIS. Even the City of Denver has its own GIS. To learn more information about GIS in general, visit ESRI's site.

Geospatial technologies are playing an ever increasing role in many industries, including energy. Conrad Stanley, GIS Program Director at Colorado Northwestern Community College, claims "there is a huge demand for GIS specialists". The educational partners in their GIS program include energy firms such as EnCana Oil, Shell, and Colorado Energy Research Institute.

Although O-Net intends to add Geospatial Information Systems Technician as a "new and emerging" occupation, it hasn't assigned a code to it yet. The comparable O-Net code used as a "related occupation" is Cartographers and Photogrammetrists, O-Net code #17-1021.00. This occupation's projected growth (from 2006 to 2016) is faster than average, with a projected need of 6,000 additional employees in the coming years. CareerInfonet claims the median wage in Colorado (in 2006) for this occupation was $57,800.

There are apprenticeships available in Colorado for these occupations, and not surprisingly, all of them are in the energy industry. To find these Geospatial Technology registered apprenticeships in Colorado, go to the bottom of this CareerVoyages website, and pick Colorado under the "Select a State" drop-down list.

Jobs, internships, and more information are also available on http://www.giwis.org/. You can also look at my lists of company websites and check their career sites for job postings: extraction-jobs or green-jobs.

Following is information extracted from job postings I found on ConnectingColorado (CC) and other sites on the Internet. They are intended to give you a general idea of what's available and what skills are required for jobs (and internships) in the energy industry that are posted at the time this article was written.

ConnectingColorado (Job Order #CO5285027)

Note: to see other job orders in CC that require/prefer GIS skills, use the keyword search field (for the staff version of CC, use the "Skill" or "Comm/Note" fields) and enter terms such as "GIS" or "autocad".

MAPPING DESIGNER, Broomfield, CO

REQUIREMENTS:
• Must be able to create, read, and understand pipeline alignment sheets permit and plot drawings using manual/electronic survey data.
• Working knowledge of GIS including map projections and coordinate systems
• Working knowledge of basic pipeline construction and field operations
• minimum of 3 years pipeline alignment mapping experience
• Minimum of 2 years GIS experience using ESRI GIS products
• AutoCAD Land Desktop experience is required

PREFERRED:
• no formal education or degree is required, but it is a plus
• experience in creating DOT sheets and FERC alignments a plus.
• pipeview or other GIS products is a plus
• experience with USGS Quad Maps (AutoCAD 2006) or Aerial Design is a plus
• Blue Sky experience is a plus

DUTIES:
Qualified candidate will be responsible for the following:
- Mapping of natural and liquid gas pipelines
- Alignment drawings and suggested reroutes
- Survey data/topography (must put into final blueprints/construction
documents)

-----------

EnCana

GIS Developer/Analyst, Denver, CO

Duties and Responsibilities:
This position is responsible for assisting the Lead GIS Developer in developing GIS applications to support the Technical Business Solutions enterprise GIS deployment with an emphasis on programming and systems integration.
- Responsible for developing applications in a Microsoft .NET GIS platform for desktop, web and mobile environments.
- Create and document functional requirements for application toolsets.
- Maintain and update custom applications.
- Develop and implement data models to support database development

Qualifications:
- ESRI software suite
- At least two years of software development experience using the Microsoft .NET Framework via C#
- ESRI ArcObjects development
- Windows desktop development/Smart Client experience
- Windows Mobile development experience
- ASP.NET Development Experience
- JavaScript Development Experience
- RDBMS experience in Oracle or SQL Server
-----

CH2M HILL Energy & Chemicals

Title: Environmental Specialist/Coordinator
Job Description: Environmental/Permitting Coordinator
Environmental/Permitting Coordinator for Oil & Gas related projects in Rocky Mountains and Southwest United States.
Office Location: Lakewood, CO
Business Group: ENERGY & CHEMICALS
Employment Type: Full Time

Position requires the following:
- Demonstrated ability to accurately research and obtain necessary permits to construct pipelines and related facilities that fall under multiple jurisdictions.
- Familiarity with NEPA, NPDES, Section 404, etc. regulations and regulatory agency (FERC, BLM, etc) permitting requirements.
- Demonstrated ability to prepare technical documents, construction plans, and reports including EA or EIS document preparation experience.
- Experience working with regulatory agency staff to develop successful permitting approaches and schedules and ability to coordinate.
- Ability to coordinate and manage specialty subcontractors or project team members for required permitting reports or studies.
- Experience with ensuring permit compliance requirements during active construction as an Environmental Inspector/Monitor.
- Experience or proficiency in an applicable resource specialty (i.e. reclamation, T&E species, and/or archaeology) is beneficial.
Computer literacy required with GIS database experience a plus.

No Degree Required, Certification Required
Travel Requirement 25%


-----

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Posting Title: GIS, Geography, or Computer Science Undergraduate Intern
Location: Golden, CO
Position Type: Student RPP

Job/Research Summary:
A student internship is available in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s) Strategic Energy Analysis and Applications Center (SEAAC). NREL is the nation’s primary laboratory for research, development and deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. The intern will be supporting work in the Energy Forecasting & Modeling Group.We have an immediate opening for a summer or year-long part-time student in our Golden, Colorado office. The position would be part-time (8 - 16 hours per week) during the school year and/or full time during the summer.

Job Duties:
The intern will prepare SEAAC renewable energy resource data sets for visualization using Google Earth, Microsoft Virtual Earth, and/or NASA WorldWind. This will involve collecting and geocoding resource information provided by SEAAC staff and organizing those data in structured formats suitable for analysis and visualization. Training in the use of geographic information systems, geospatial visualization systems, and relational and XML databases will be provided.

Minimum Qualifications:
Must be enrolled in a minimum 9 credit hours. Must be a US Citizen or US permanent resident. Minimum 3.0 GPA in the last completed semester.

DESIRED QUALIFICATIONS: (1) Experience using a geographic information system (GIS). (2) Familiarity with relational databases. (3) Experience with a programming or scripting language.

PREFERRED: (1) Familiarity with energy resource issues or databases. (2) Experience developing data sets for Google Earth, Microsoft Virtual Earth, or NASA WorldWind. (3) Experience using XML or KML.

Mining

Mining is a critical activity in generating energy. Without it, we wouldn't have the many gadgets we use today that draw electricity, such as the computer or PDA you're using to read this blog, or the lights above you that make seeing it possible. Although this industry mines for a variety of minerals (such as gold, silver, limestone, marble and gypsum), this post will focus on the minerals used for energy: coal--which accounts for 72% of Colorado's electricity. BTW, energy is also derived from uranium and indirectly molybdenum--an agent for removing sulfur from crude oil.

The Colorado Mining Association (CMA) ranks Colorado 7th in the U.S for Coal Production and 4th in Underground Coal Mining. Their website also contains a map showing where the mines are located in Colorado. CMA also claims that the 13,800 mining jobs (5,100 direct jobs and 8,700 in mining support industries) in Colorado earn top wages: Colorado Coal Miners make an average of $93,598, compared to $42,931 for the average Colorado industrial worker. For a comprehensive description of the industry, refer to the Bureau of Labor Statistic's (BLS) Mining Industry career guide. The BLS also reports on workplace illnesses and injuries by industry sector. Their 2005 report shows Mining to have the lowest numbers of illness and injuries compared to all other industries, including construction.

I recently had the privilege of touring one of Colorado's surface coal mines, Trapper Mine, located in the remote area of Craig, Colorado (a 6-hour drive northwest of Denver, but only 50 miles from Vernal, Utah). I stress "remote" because it's important for jobseekers to know that there are few, if any, services in the immediate vicinity that cater to those accustomed to running to their local 24-hour grocery store to pick up groceries or to Village Inn for a late-night sundae. If you would miss the convenience and hustle & bustle of the busy city life, these jobs are not for you. In addition, and as Colorado natives know, the winters in Colorado are harsh. Many core occupations in the energy industry require you to work outdoors, whether it's in a blizzard 30 degrees below zero, or a scorching summer that's 125 above (or hotter if you work near equipment that emits heat). If you can't stand extreme temperatures, consider an alternate career indoors--which may require more education to make the same salary.

Housing is yet another issue to consider; it's scarce and expensive. Even though you may be able to afford a home on a miner's salary, you may have to live in temporary housing until you find a home that's suitable for you. If these are non-issues for you, and you're a hard worker willing to learn and like working with big yellow toys or explosives (or even land reclamation--for which Trapper has received numerous awards), there's a high-paying job waiting for you in mining!

Trapper Mine employs 174 people around the clock to supply coal to their neighboring powerplant, Tri-State G&T. The average wages for Trapper's mostly union employees is $26/hour (35 staff people are non-union). Jobs include those that are hard to fill: engineers, foreman, and managers; as well as entry level welders, truck drivers, heavy equipment operators, and mechanics (they hire many mechanics with AA degrees straight out of WyoTech). Entry level employees who work night shifts can promote to Monday through Friday "day jobs" which include Blast Helpers.

Trapper mines three pits (one of which is the first photo in this post), and operates three draglines. Draglines are huge excavating machines which move dirt from one pit, filling in the previous pit. Pictured below is their Molly Brown dragline.

To give you an idea of how enormous a dragline is, here are photos of all of us in just its bucket (the part that scoops up each dirtful), the Molly Brown next to a bulldozer, and a video of the Molly Brown in action.